Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2操作系统下，安装Oracle database 11g R2。（全过程，亲历安装）

1.检查硬件要求，内存，交换区，临时文件，磁盘空间的使用情况。

   查看计算机内存：

   [root@localhost ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

   MemTotal: 1030888 kB

   交换分区(为计算机内存大小的两倍)

   [root@localhost ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

   SwapTotal: 2064376 kB

   临时文件：

   [root@localhost ~]# df -hk /tmp

   Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

   /dev/sda2 18306828 2165332 15211552 13% /

   磁盘空间：

   [root@localhost ~]# df -lh

   Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

   /dev/sda2 18G 2.1G 15G 13% /

   tmpfs 504M 288K 504M 1% /dev/shm

   /dev/sda1 291M 31M 246M 11% /boot

  /dev/sr0 2.9G 2.9G 0 100% /media/RHEL_6.2 i386 Disc 1

2.检查操作系统要求。

3.安装linux时注意的问题。

4.检查安装Oracle11g R2所必须的包。

   在终端中执行： rpm -q gcc make binutils setarch compat-db compat-gcc compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel libaio-devel sysstat

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q gcc make binutils setarch compat-db compat-gcc compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel libaio-devel sysstat

gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.i686

make-3.81-19.el6.i686

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.28.el6.i686

package setarch is not installed

package compat-db is not installed

package compat-gcc is not installed

package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed

package unixODBC is not installed

package unixODBC-devel is not installed

package libaio-devel is not installed

sysstat-9.0.4-18.el6.i686

    在linux安装盘中找到未安装的包，进行安装。

    安装相应的包后，如下：

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q gcc make binutils setarch compat-db compat-gcc compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel libaio-devel sysstat

gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.i686

make-3.81-19.el6.i686

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.28.el6.i686

package setarch is not installed

compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.i686

package compat-gcc is not installed

package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++ is not installed

package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed

unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.i686

unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.i686

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

sysstat-9.0.4-18.el6.i686

这四个包显示未安装，其实在之前我们安装的包里已经安装过了，所以不用管这个。

5.系统参数和用户及目录设置

   vi /etc/sysctl.conf

  添加以下参数：

#user for oracle

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

fs.file-max = 6553600

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

   修改后，再运行执行操作：sysctl -p

   添加用户组及用户：

   #groupadd dba

   #groupadd oinstall

   #useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba

   #passwd oracle

   #id oracle(查看当前用户的创建情况)

   新建目录，并修改权限：

[root@localhost oracle]# mkdir -p /database

[root@localhost oracle]# chown -R oracle:dba /database

[root@localhost oracle]# chmod -R 755 /database

   将数据库安装软件复制到/database目录下

   在/home/oracle下创建目录：product/11.2.0;将数据库安装在此目录下。

[root@localhost oracle]# mkdir -p product/11.2.0

[root@localhost oracle]# chown -R oracle:dba product/11.2.0

[root@localhost oracle]# chmod -R 755 product/11.2.0

   用户环境变量：

   切换到oracle：su oracle

   vi .bash_profile修改文件：

   内容如下：

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$tmp

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

#export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPRTH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

#export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

#export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

#unset USERNAME

#umask 022

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